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Echocardiography – It uses sound waves to create images of the heart. The images determine the size of the heart, strength of the heart muscles, presence of heart diseases, and heart valve malfunctions. The images of the heart are shown on the large screen monitor, allowing the doctor and the patient to view during examination.
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Stress testing – It is a diagnostic test to determine the functioning of the heart under stress and its ability to withstand. You will be asked to perform treadmill or cycling, during which the physician will perform echocardiogram and measure blood pressure changes. It is mainly done to detect the cause of chest pain, shortness of breath, rapid heartbeat, or fluttering in the chest.
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Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) - In this procedure, the electrodes are placed on your upper body and legs to capture electrical signals of your heart. This test determines functioning of the heart, rate of heart beat, irregularities in rhythm, and also identifies if the heart is enlarged or damaged. It is done in patients who complain of chest pain, palpitations, dizziness, and shortness of breath.
Once the results are obtained, your cardiologist will design a plan for further evaluation or provide treatment. Your doctor may also suggest lifestyle modifications, such as losing weight, increase physical activities, avoid smoking and chronic alcoholism, and may also suggest cholesterol-reducing medications. If you are diagnosed with coronary artery disease during the scanning, then your cardiologist will suggest coronary revascularization through angioplasty, with or without stenting or coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). These surgeries will lower the cardiac risk such as myocardial infarction or death.